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India has officially overtaken Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy, with its nominal GDP reaching $4 trillion, according to NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam. This milestone, based on data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), was announced during the 10th Governing Council meeting of NITI Aayog held on May 24, 2025 .
Subrahmanyam highlighted that only the United States, China, and Germany now rank ahead of India in terms of economic size. He expressed optimism that India could surpass Germany within the next 2.5 to 3 years, ascending to the position of the third-largest economy globally, provided the country continues on its current growth trajectory .
The IMF’s April 2025 World Economic Outlook report supports this development, projecting India’s nominal GDP for fiscal year 2026 to be approximately $4.187 trillion, slightly ahead of Japan’s estimated $4.186 trillion . Furthermore, the IMF anticipates that India will remain the fastest-growing major economy over the next two years, with projected growth rates of 6.2% in 2025 and 6.3% in 2026, outpacing global averages .
This achievement underscores India’s expanding role in the global economy and reflects the impact of domestic reforms and favorable geopolitical conditions.
India Becomes the World’s 4th Largest Economy
India has officially overtaken Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy, with its nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reaching $4 trillion, according to NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam. This development was highlighted during the 10th Governing Council meeting of NITI Aayog held on May 24, 2025.
Backed by IMF Data
The announcement is based on the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) data, which places India slightly ahead of Japan in terms of nominal GDP. The IMF’s April 2025 World Economic Outlook
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