Content flagged for “disturbing public order” now makes up nearly half of all takedown notices issued to social media platform X, highlighting how law-and-order concerns dominate government requests for online content removal.
The data points to a growing focus by authorities on digital content that is seen as capable of triggering unrest, misinformation-driven panic, or communal tension.
What counts as ‘disturbing public order’
Content flagged under this category typically includes:
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Posts alleged to incite violence or unrest
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Misinformation during sensitive events
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Content linked to protests, riots, or communal issues
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Videos or messages considered capable of escalating tensions
Authorities argue that rapid digital spread can amplify harm faster than traditional media, necessitating swift takedowns.
Why this category dominates
Experts say the dominance of public-order-related notices reflects:
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Increased reliance on social media during crises
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Speed at which unverified content goes viral
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Governments prioritising preventive action over post-facto enforcement
In many cases, takedown requests are issued during unfolding events, when officials believe even short delays could have real-world consequences.
Free speech vs regulation debate
The high share of public-order takedowns has reignited debates around free expression online. Digital rights groups argue that:
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“Public order” can be broadly interpreted
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Lack of detailed explanations limits accountability
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Over-removal risks chilling legitimate speech
They have called for clearer definitions, judicial oversight, and greater transparency in takedown processes.
Platform response
X has maintained that it evaluates takedown notices under applicable laws and its own content policies. The platform has, in the past, said it seeks to balance compliance with local laws while protecting user expression wherever possible.
However, disagreements between governments and platforms over compliance, delays, and scope of removal continue to surface globally.
Transparency and accountability
While platforms publish periodic transparency reports, analysts note that aggregated categories like “public order” often mask:
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Regional variations
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Nature of disputed content
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Whether removals were partial, delayed, or contested
Calls are growing for more granular disclosures to help the public understand how online speech is being regulated.
The bigger picture
The data underscores a key trend in digital governance: public order has become the primary justification for online content intervention. As social media increasingly shapes public discourse, the tension between maintaining stability and safeguarding free speech is likely to intensify.
How governments define “disturbance” — and how platforms respond — will play a crucial role in shaping the future of online expression.
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