How ancient viruses could help fight antibiotic resistance

SOUTHAMPTON (UK): (Jul 29) – Long before humans invented antibiotics, viruses called phages were already waging war on bacteria. These ancient, bacteria-killing viruses may now hold the key to fighting one of modern medicine’s biggest threats: antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

With over a million global deaths a year linked to AMR, the need for new treatments is urgent. Bacteria are evolving rapidly, making once-treatable infections increasingly deadly. The World Health Organization lists AMR among the top ten global public health threats.

Phage therapy—using these natural viruses to infect and destroy harmful bacteria—is emerging as a promising alternative. Unlike broad-spectrum antibiotics, phages can precisely target even antibiotic-resistant strains. In some UK cases, phage therapy has succeeded where every drug failed.

Still, the battle isn’t over. Bacteria can evolve defenses against phages too. Researchers are now studying ancient viral-bacterial arms races to understand how to outmaneuver resistance. The hope is that, by harnessing nature’s own microbial warriors, we can develop adaptable, effective treatments and give medicine an edge in the fight against superbugs.

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